A woman with a stroller equipped against gas attacks

By 1938, the spectre of aerial bombardment and chemical warfare had prompted wide‑scale gas‑mask drills across Britain. The government distributed millions of masks to civilians and schoolchildren, while manufacturers devised adaptations for pets, bicycles—and even perambulators. These protective prams, fitted with activated‑charcoal filters and rubber‑seated compartments, reflected both advancing home‑defence design and the anxious mood of families preparing for the possibility of gas raids.

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